Catholic Self Defense

Note: I wrote this essay regarding the development of Tekkenryu jujutsu. However, I think it is applicable for all methods of self defense. It may also explain why martial arts are the way they are.

Catholic, by definition, means universal or "broad minded".

I could pull out STACKS of manuals, syllabuses, films, and related research material that cover an ENTIRE range of unarmed combat.

Some methods advocate wrestling as their base, others use boxing or savate. Some jujutsu and judo while others call their systems "rough and tumble" or "all in", and there is even a system based on American SPORTS. I have an old manual on YOGA for self defense. The material ranges from current to OLD, some very old.

These varied systems have everything! Striking and kicking methods drawn from EVERY method and "nationality", GRAPPLING methods from Lutte to Judo, from Sambo to All-In Wrestling. They range from standing to the ground; all aspects, all methods.

The guys in our crew have trained in an impressive array of systems and methods. They have a fantastic "pool" of knowledge, SKILL, and TRAINING to draw from.

OKAY, so WHAT?

See if this makes sense............

Damian, Clint, and I worked out a comprehensive syllabus of instruction. It is based on a catholic approach to combatives. We drew these methods from a number of varied sources and training. The problem as we saw it was in the PROGRESSION of instruction. Here's how we attempted to solve this fundamental problem:

Very few individuals will start so-called "martial arts" instruction or training and stay with it for any real length of time. Many combative skills are JUST that, SKILLS! They require dedicated time and training to inculcate to the extent that they will be "useful" in a REAL fight or even in a controlled "free sparring" environment.

Japanese Judoka have a saying - "One year for Newaza, TEN years for Tachiwaza". In other words, proficiency in groundwork can be gained in a year, standing techniques require ten. So, here we see an acknowledgement that "different" SKILLS require varied amounts of TIME, TRAINING, and DEDICATION.

So that was our problem. MOST people will simply NOT invest the time and effort to "master" MANY of the skills involved. MOST people will "train" for a limited amount of time and then move on to the next "thing" that catches their interest.

What then is OUR responsibility as "instructors"? What we did is set a curriculum that takes this into account. The syllabus, for the first three to six months, includes NOTHING but the most BASIC, easily UNDERSTOOD, SIMPLEST METHODS of EFFECTIVE PERSONAL PROTECTION. Someone can train for a limited time AND still get something USEFUL in terms of "SKILL".
What was our basis on selection of "method"?

"Hence the reason for a simple type of instruction with a great deal of emphasis on the FEW elementary methods which can be easily and instinctively used in combat after practice.....basis of selection was the theory of what the smallest man can do to the largest."

I'm quoting Applegate from the 1943 edition of Kill Or Get Killed (This DOES NOT, I hope, portray me as a zealot).

Continued training and "dedication" will result in learning more and more "complex" skills. However, if an individual ceases practice after a "limited" amount of time, we feel that we have at LEAST given something of VALUE in terms of personal survival.

Damian is a highly skilled grappler in any venue, i.e., wrestling, judo, and submission. Clint is a walking encyclopedia of "waza"; Ralph is amazing in his knowledge of close combat and weapons. Each of these men could teach to a high level of SKILL and COMPLEXITY with NO PROBLEM. However, they fully understand that you must "walk before you run". So, they are strong advocates of BASICS. First!

Judokas (like any other combative athletes) have a term called "Tokuiwaza" or "favored" technique. It is that one method that it is worked on incessantly, continually for YEARS in search of "perfection". Whether it be "Judo" Kimura, Gerry Cooney, "Strangler" Lewis, or Georges Carpentier, this approach holds true. So, realistically, does this apply to MOST PEOPLE? NO. That's why "champions" are revered. They are the EXCEPTIONS.

Why would anyone "teach" a middle aged businessman or a small petite housewife a technique or method that requires complex skills developed over YEARS and that requires a "set" of physical adjuncts in order to be even somewhat effective?

Well, you wouldn't, at least NOT initially. Like building a house, you start with a SOLID foundation, and then BUILD from there. So the simplest approach in regards to personal protection is to start with techniques based on what the "smallest can do to the largest". Is that a guarantee of SUCCESS? NO, that's not how life works. Is it a LOGICAL place to "start"? I believe so.

Damian, Clint or I could teach DOZENS of different chokeholds and strangleholds. Ralph could teach DOZENS of highly complex drills and methods of stick and knife work. DOZENS! So what! Without the time, training and dedication to master these techniques they are WORSE than useless. The same goes for any "class" of techniques. Training and the DEVELOPMENT of skill is what makes ANYTHING "WORK".

So ALL we advocate is that simple common sense basic approach. Start with the SIMPLEST methods and build from there.

It has NOTHING to do with "blind" allegiance to any one method or man. It has NOTHING to do with being a "zealot". It has NOTHING to do with following any "gospel" in ignorance.

It has EVERYTHING to do with a sincere dedication to seeking the best, most rational and logical "solutions" to the multitude of complex problems inherent in real world survival.

This is why on going, dedicated research is SO CRUCIAL. Some question that "validity" of certain methods. DO NOT assume that these "questions" have NOT been asked and answered by others. Only a fool would blindly follow any "doctrine" without questioning and validating the information presented.

Can a skilled grappler apply his craft? Of course. Could a skilled boxer or muay thai fighter ply his trade with success? Of course. That's NOT the question. The question is "what can YOU do?" What one can do at twenty is different than what one can do at fifty. What one can do after several years of training is different than what one can do after several months of training. What one can do against an opponent of equal strength and weight is different than what one can do against a much larger, stronger adversary, or for that matter, a much smaller, lighter one.

So what's the point to all of this? Simple. Know who you are. What YOU are capable of. What YOUR abilities are. YOUR strengths, YOUR weaknesses, YOUR goals. Take a hard long realistic appraisal and find the answer to that question.

And then work from there.

Copyright 2003 thetruthaboutselfdefense.com ©

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Basic Muay Thai Techniques

The Martial art of Muay Thai has its own unique techniques. It consists of the use of nine weapons. The head, fists, elbow, knee and feet are collectively known as Na-wa arwud. But today the use of head is no longer allowed in the Muay Thai fights. In Muay Thai small amount of grappling is used (The Clinch) for both defending and attacking purpose. Muay Thai techniques are divided into two groups: Mae Mai or Major techniques and Luk mai or Minor techniques. All techniques in Muay Thai use the entire body movement, rotating the hip partially or fully with every punch, kick and block. This is the reason which sets Muay Thai apart from other forms of martial art.

Punching Techniques: ( Chok)

Straight punch = Mud Dhrong

Hook = Mud Wjang San

Swing = Mud Wjang Yao

Spinning Back fist = Mud Wjang Glab

Upper Cut = Mud Seub

Cobra Punch = Kra-Dod Chok

Over Head Punch = Mud Khouk

The judges in Muay Thai fights scores less to the fighters for the punching techniques as they are generally less effective and powerful than kicks or knee strikes. Body punching is also used less in Muay Thai as it exposes the fighters head to the strikes of knee or elbow from the opponent.

Elbow Techniques: (Dhee Sork)

Elbow Slash = Sork Dhee

Horizontal Elbow = Sork Dhad

Upper Cut Elbow = Sork Ngad

Forward elbow Thrust = Sork Poonk

Reverse Horizontal elbow = Sork wjang Glab

Spinning Elbow = Sork Glab

Elbow Chop = Sork Sap

Double Elbow Chop = Sork Glab Koo

Mid Air Elbow Strike = Gra-Dode Sork

The elbow is used in seven ways in Muay Thai, horizontally, diagonal upwards, diagonal downwards, uppercut, downward, backward spinning and flying. The elbow is also used from the sides as a finishing move or to cut the opponents' eyebrow so that he bleeds. Bleeding blocks the vision and also affects the fighter's performance.

Kicking Techniques: (Dhe)

Straight Kick = Dhe Dhrong

Nutcracker Kick = Dhe Paa Maak

Round house Kick = Dhe Dhad

Diagonal Kick = Dhe Chivang

Half-spin, half knee kick = Dhe Krueng Kheng Krueng Kao

Spinning hill Kick = Dhe Glab Lang

Down Round house kick = Dhe Kod

Axe Hill Kick = Dhe Khouk

Jump kick = Gra-Dode Dhe

Step Up Kick = Yiep Dhe

The most common kick in Muay Thai are Foot Jab (Theep) and the Kick (Tae), upward in the shape of a triangle targeting the ribs and arms (Chieng). This angle kick in Muay Thai has been adopted by many other forms of martial arts as it is very effective. The round house kick is almost similar to the kicks used in karate or taekwondo. Many Muay Thai fighters also uses a counter rotation of his arms to enhance the power of his kick. A Muay Thai fighter is always taught to hit with his shin. Although the shin is very sensitive for an untrained person the shin is the strongest part of the leg than the foot as it contains fine bones and is much weaker.

Knee Techniques: (Dhe kao)

Straight Knee Strike = Kao Dhrong

Diagonal Knee Strike = Kao Chijang

Curving Knee Strike = Kao Kouwng

Horizontal Knee Strike = Kao Dhad

Knee Slap = Kao Dhob

Knee Bomb = Kao Youwn

Flying Knee Strike = Kao Loi

Step up Knee Strike = Kao Yiep

Other Knee Techniques: - Kao Dode: (Jumping Knee Strike) Jump on one leg and strike with that legs knee. - Kao Loi: (Flying Knee Strike) Take step(s), jump forward and off one leg and strike with that legs knee. - Kao Tone: (Straight Knee Strike) Thrusts it forward. Not upward unless the fighter is holding opponents head down in a clinch and intend to knee upward into the face. - Kao Noi: (Small knee Strike) Hitting the inside upper thigh (above the knee)of the opponent while clinching.

Foot Thrust Techniques: (Theep)

Straight Foot Thrust = Teep Dhrong

Sideways Foot Thrust = Teep Kang

Reverse Foot Thrust = Teep Glab Lang

Slapping Foot Thrust = Teep Dhob

Jumping Foot Thrust = Gra-Dode Teep

It is also known as 'Push Kicks' and is commonly used in Muay Thai. It is mainly used to attack opponents' attack, and get the opponent off balance.

Fighters in The Arm Clinch Position:

There is a difference in Muay Thai from the western Boxing. During the arm clinch position the fighters are separate in western boxing; however they are not in Muay Thai. There are several clinching techniques in Muay Thai including:

- Arm Clinch

- Side Clinch

- Low Clinch and

- Swan Neck.

Defensive techniques against attack:

It as categorized into six groups:

1. Blocking: Defenders hard block to stop a strike in its path, so preventing it reaching its target.

2. Redirection: Defenders soft parries to change the directions of a strike so that it misses its target.

3. Avoidance: Moving a body part swiftly out of the way or range of a strike, making the position of the opponent for a counter strike.

4. Evasion: Moving the body out of the way or range of a strike.

5. Disruption: Pre-aiming an attack.

6. Anticipation: Defender catching a strike or countering it before it strike.

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KING'S BIRTHDAY SPECIAL EVENT IN NEVADA USA 5 DECEMBER

KING'S BIRTHDAY SPECIAL EVENT IN NEVADA USA 5 DECEMBER

A star packed program will be featured on the 5 December at Buffalo Bill's Casino as a special event to honour His Majesty The King of Thailand's birthday celebration.
Buffalo Bill's is located in Primm, Nevada, USA, at the California stateline and home of the Star of the Desert Arena, a 6500-seat arena designed for concerts.
WBC USA Muaythai promoter Dennis Warner is featuring nine exciting contests.

A star packed program will be featured on the 5 December at Buffalo Bill's Casino as a special event to honour His Majesty The King of Thailand's birthday celebration.
Buffalo Bill's is located in Primm, Nevada, USA, at the California stateline and home of the Star of the Desert Arena, a 6500-seat arena designed for concerts.
WBC USA Muaythai promoter Dennis Warner is featuring nine exciting contests.

Malaipet vs James Cook
Malaipet defends his WBC Muaythai International Title after regaining it in a tough hard fought rematch against Richard Fenwick in July. Cook and Malaipet have fought once before a few years back in Fresno and Malaipet won by unanimous decision, but this time Cook is fighting for the greenbelt and has had ample time to train for this title fight. Cook who holds the IKKC Muaythai US belt has tremendous skill in the art of Muaythai, but has never been able to win the big fight against a big time opponent. Now on the big stage again, Cook and his trainer Jongsanan are taking this fight very serious and want to wrap the fabled green belt around his waist. Malaipet probably learned from the Fenwick fights that he needs to train harder for his title defenses as he is now the hunted and no longer the hunter. With loads of experience on both sides, the champion just seems to have more firepower and a huge fan following that could decide the fight.

Romie Adanza vs Kunitaka Fujiwara
The newly crowned WBC Muaythai International title holder Romie Adanza bounced back from a devastating defeat to Paulo DaSilva to win convincingly in a July rematch. Now rejuvenated look for Adanza to be even stronger in his first defense against the highly touted Kunitaka from Japan. Kunitaka just took the first ever Full Rules Muaythai 8-man tournament in Tokyo to establish himself as the top dog and get him this title match. Look for non-stop action in this fight as Adanza's take no prisoners style of fight will be matched by the game Kunitaka. Both fighters can dish out and take punishment so it could be a decisive blow that could turn this fight around. Adanza is clearly a finisher who is pumped up after winning the green belt and has fought five straight foreign fighters with a 4-1 record going into this bout. Look for him to take charge early and put together a fierce pace to see if his opponent will wilt under pressure. Kunitaka is the new breed of Japanese fighter who is said to be in top condition and can match Adanza's offensive weapons, but lack of international experience gives Adanza the decided edge.

Kevin Ross vs Chike Lindsay
Probably two of the best pound for pound USA fighters will touch gloves in what is becoming one of the most talked about matches on this 20th anniversary WCK show. Ross fresh off his KO victory over Kang En to claim the WBC International title moves up a weight class to defend his WBC National belt against the East Coasts' best fighter hands down. Lindsay who won a decision against Ross's stable mate Chaz Mulkey in August is primed and ready for this match. Trained by Thai legend Khunpon, Lindsay is undefeated in Muaythai fighting and has height and reach on Ross. With lighting quick kicks and punishing knees, Lindsay has the whole package and feels quietly confident that Ross will not be able to handle his power. Ross on the other hand is on a roll by stopping En and East Coast sensation Justin Greskiewicz in just a month. Ross is a physical specimen who can take a shot and even get off the canvas and stop his opponent. Look for Ross to exhibit better boxing skills and try to engage Lindsay in close quarters to negate Chike's reach advantage. Trained by the fabled Master Toddy, Ross will have one of the best set of eyes in his corner as defensive lapses will be exploited as the fight evolves. This one is truly a tossup, but with all of Las Vegas supporting Ross...give him the slight edge.

Shawn Yarborough vs Manson Gibson
At one time, Manson Gibson was the most feared fighter in the USA competing at the ultra high level around the world as he captured 100 wins by the end of 2001 with a decisive KKO over Thai legend Chanpeuk at the Palms Hotel and Casino. But that was then and this is now....and father time has eroded the skills and the quickness of the Master Blaster to make this a fight for redemption. Gibson who has many weapons needs to pace himself and not run out of gas late to the younger Yarborough. This bout is for the vacant WBC National title so both fighters are looking forward to the recognition and future fights a win would bring them. Yarborough is himself a tremendous talent who has combined the western boxing style with traditional muaythai to become the new generation of USA Muaythai fighter who could be ready for a WBC World Title shot if he gets by the legendary Gibson. With strong low kicks and the ability to deliver stinging punch/kick combinations, Yarborough will be looking to cut off the ring and slow down Gibson. Which Gibson will show up, only him and his trainer, Ike Stafford know, but like George Foreman did in boxing....Gibson hopes to achieve what his critics think is impossible in Muaythai. Maybe not impossible, but surely Gibson is a pronounced underdog in this match.

Bryce Krause vs Chaz Mulkey
Two well schooled fighters who practically mirror each other in ability both come into this bout with tough losses and the bad taste of defeat in their respective last bouts. Krause with great hand and elbow skills went toe to toe with undefeated Raul Rodriguez in losing a split decision in August while Mulkey did the same against Chike Lindsay on the same card. Now both are at this crossroads fight which enable the victor to challenge for a title and the loser to a longer path of fights to achieve title consideration. Krause with impressive wins in the past over Jack Thames, James Martinez and William Sriyapai has only lost twice as a pro while being undefeated as an amateur. Mulkey was also undefeated as an amateur (15-0), but has also lost twice as a pro. However Mulkey has only three pro fights albeit with "A" class competition as management has fast tracked his career. Krause with over ten pro bouts has had more success as a professional and his last loss has made him a fighter possessed in the gym as a victory here would bring him ever so close to a rematch with Rodriguez. Can Mulkey get that same fire into his training? Can he find the winning touch that has so far eluded him in two close but tough losses to top fighters? This fight could be the fight of the night as both of these muaythai combatants have a lot to gain and lose with the outcome. Give Krause the slight edge because of his pro experience edge.

Roxy Richardson vs Yenan Zheng
Quickness, speed and non-stop activity against skilled boxing and traditional Muaythai fighting style will cause great discussion as to the outcome of the only pro women's fight. Zheng the national Wushu champion in China jumps four weight classes to take on one of USA's new shining stars of Women's Muaythai in Richardson. Zheng whose all out style bewildered Christine Toledo in her USA debut....won a close decision because of her aggressive style. Richardson who has height and reach on her opponent will look to punish Zheng with her potent left jab and powerful right cross as Yenan tries to come in. Richardson who is a fitness expert will be ready to go the distance and has already beaten a highly touted English fighter this year with far more pro experience. Roxy put in a lot of work as an amateur and it shows as her composure and timing has improved with every fight. Zheng will press this fight early and if she can penetrate Richardson's defense by firing off her quick and powerful sidekick to get inside it could be a long night for the American. Both fighters are in top condition, but Richardson has an additional advantage of training and sparring with muaythai fighters that could give her a decided advantage in the clinch and delivering elbows and knees. For this reason, give Roxy Richardson the edge in what promises to be a roller coaster ride of a fight.

Scott Leffler vs Joey Pagliuso
Two undefeated young pros square off in a fight that will showcase two distinct styles of fighting that have proved successful for both combatants. Leffler (2-0) has a traditional Muaythai style with a flash of western aggressiveness which could create problems for Pagliuso if the fight is in close quarters. Leffler showed strength and dominance in his pro debut by utilizing the Thai clinch to perfection and finishing off his opponent (Oblonsky) with a knee to the head. In his second bout, Leffler got in trouble with the left handed stance and straight right by his opponent (Hensch) who came back in the later rounds to make it interesting, but lost via a unanimous decision. Enter Pagliuso who has knockout power in his right hand and has exhibited flashy high & spin kicks in his two pro fights. Pagliuso has dominated the early rounds of his bouts against tough opponents (Greskiewicz and Thames) only to run out of gas and settle for draws in both fights. Now with Leffler, Pagliuso is facing a pro with similar experience with strengths that give him trouble, but weakness that could provide a KO victory....This is ditto for Leffler's chances. This bout could go either way, but Leffler has proved he can put a W so give him the slight advantage.

Sean Diznaiy vs Shane Oblonsky
Two flashy kickers with good boxing skills face off against each other hoping to get their first victory in their professional Muaythai career. Diznaiy is the Las Vegas local who will have a huge fan base at the Star of the Arena cheering his every move. Sean is sparring with the likes of Jack Thames and Scott Leffler to prep for this fight under of the tutelage of Kevin Barry. Shane "The Hurricane" Oblonsky went thru every amateur in his weight division like butter with five consecutive KO's before turning pro. As a pro, Oblonsky became "A Drizzle" as he couldn't handle the relentless pressure and Thai clinch of Scotty Leffler who made early work of the Yuki Horuchi trained Oblonsky. Now Oblonsky is in the gym working on his Thai clinch defense and vows to let loose the real Hurricane against Diznaiy. There is always a question of how a young fighter will handle a devastating defeat...the jury is still out on Oblonsky...so give Diznaiy a slight hometown edge.

Jack Thames vs Mike Ryan
Two seasoned Muaythai veterans lace them up one more time in a battle that should provide fireworks from the first bell. Jack "Rhino" Thames just bulldozed China's DongDong Zou by winning in TKO fashion at the Las Vegas Hilton this past August. Now with a victory under his belt...Thames has a renewed the fire of desire in his training regimen that will make him a runaway attack train in this bout. Ryan is another veteran who had tremendous success as an amateur and has showed flashes of brilliance as a pro. With great hand speed and movement, Ryan is an elusive target until he gets to confident and sometimes drops his hands or stays in front of his opponent to long. If he does this with Thames, Ryan will taste the ring mat with authority. Thames has been known for vicious and relentless attacks only to run out of gas in the later rounds...look for Ryan to try to lead him into deep water of the later rounds and then throw caution to the wind when the Rhino's power has been depleted...But first he must get to the late rounds, and the Rhino should be able to force the issue early to test him. Ryan will have to pullout his "All World" attributes to sustain this attack and hope that Thames energy will be zapped. Got to give a big advantage to the Rhino in this one as Thames has recent fights, can take punishment and has a slight advantage in power.

Rules & Regulations of Muay Thai

Rules & Regulations of Muay Thai (Thai-Style Boxing)

Item 1: THE RING.

The ring shall be constructed as follows:

1.1. Size: A square with each side the following dimension: Small size 20-feet (6.10 metres); Large size-24-feet (7.30 metres), to be measured within the ropes.

1.2. Floor And Corner: Must be well constructed with no obstructions and with a minimum extension outside the ring of at least 3 feet (91 cm). The minimum floor height should be 4 feet (1.22 metres) with a maximum of 5 feet (1.48 metres) from the building floor. The corner posts should have a diameter of between four (10.00 cm) to five inches (12.70cm) with a height of 58 inches (1.47 metres) from the ring floor. All four posts must be properly cushioned.

1.3. Ring Floor: The floor must be padded by either cushioning, rubber, soft cloth, rubber mat, or similar material with a minimum thickness of 1 inch (2.50 cm) and a maximum of 1.5 inch (3.7 cm). The padding should be completely covered by a canvas cloth.

1.4. Ropes: Consisting of four ropes with a minimum diameter of 1.20 inches (3 cms) and a maximum of 2 inches (5 cms), stretched and linked to the four corner posts. The distance from the ring floor to the lower rope will be 18 inches (46 cm), to the 2nd rope 30 inches (76 cm), to the 3rd rope 42 inches (107 cm) and the top rope 54 inches (137 cm) respectively. The rope will be covered by a soft or cushioned material . Each rope will be joined together by two strong cords of 1.20-1.60 inches (3-4 cms) diameter and are at equal distance from each other.

1.5. Ring Steps: At least three (3) sets are required. The width of each step should be at least 3.50 feet (1.07 metres). One set is located at each corner and a third shall be positioned centrally for the doctor and other officials.

1.6. Plastic Bin: To be located at the fighter's corner for the disposal of tissues, bandages or any other garbage.

Item 2: RING ACCESSORIES.

The following equipment is required at ringside.

1. Break area at both corners.

2. Two drinking water bottles and two spray bottles. No other type of bottle is allowed ringside.

3. Two towels.

4. Two bowls of water.

5. Tables and chairs for the officials.

6. Alarm bell.

7. One or two stop clocks.

8. Score sheets.

9. Locking box for keeping the score sheets.

10. One set of round indicators, signs or boards.

11. Two pairs of spare boxing gloves.

12. One spare set each of red and blue boxing shorts.

13. Groin protector with one or two ties.

14. Two cloth squares to facilitate a groin protector change or adjustment.

15. Stretcher.

16. Blunt edged scissors.

Item 3: BOXING GLOVES

3 1 Only gloves certified by World Muay Thai Council are allowed to be used in any match.

3.2. Boxing glove requirements:

Glove usage should correspond to the following weight divisions:

Weight Division


Glove Weight

Mini Flyweight - Junior Featherweight


6 ounce (132 grams)

Featherweight - Welterweight


8 ounce (227 grams)

Junior Middleweight and upwards


10 ounce (284 grams)

The weight of the leather shall not be more than half of the total glove weight, including the internal cushioning, which should always be in good condition.
The laces are to be tied at the back of the wrist band.

3.3. To ensure compliance with the regulations, all gloves will be inspected by a member of the match committee prior to the fight.

Item 4: BANDAGES

Only a soft material type is allowed, size 2 inches x 6.5 yards (5 cm x 6 metres). Plastic or plaster types are strictly prohibited. The use of adhesive tape, size 2.50 cm. x 2.50 metres is only allowed for covering the back of the wrist and must not be used to cover the knuckles.

Item 5: DRESS CODE

A. BOXER'S ATTIRE

5.1. Only boxing shorts are to be worn, the colour of which depending on the corner; red, pink, or maroon or with a red stripe for the red corner; blue, bright blue, black for the blue corner. The dressing gown will be as specified by the World Muay Thai Council.

5.2. To ensure the boxer's safety, a groin protector must be worn and tied only at the back.

5.3. Long hair and/or beards are prohibited. A short moustache is allowed but the hair must not extend over the lip.

5.4. The Mongkol should be worn when performing the Wai Kru (paying respect to one's teacher), prior to tbe match start. Amulets are only to be worn on the arm or waist and covered by material to avoid injury.

5.5. Single elastic bandages are allowed to be worn on the arm or legs to prevent spralns, however insertion of a shin guard, etc, is not allowed.

5.6. No metallized material, decoration or jewellery are allowed to be worn.

5.7. The use of vaseline, fat or any similar substance by the boxer to gain unfair advantage is not allowed.

5.8. Boxer may wear elastic ankle bandages to protect his feet.

B. Any infringement to the dress code may result in the fighter's disqualification. In the case of any problem with the boxing gloves themselves, the referee may temporarily halt the match until they are corrected.

Item 6: CLASSIFICATION OF WEIGHT DIVISIONS

A. Weight Divisions

No.


Weight Division

Max. Weight
1.


Mini Flyweight

105 lbs (47.727 kg.)
2.


Junior Flyweight

108 lbs (48.988 kg.)
3.


Flyweight

112 lbs (50.802 kg.)
4.


Junior Bantamweight

115 lbs (52.163 kg.)
5.


Bantamweight

118 lbs (53.524 kg.)
6.


Junior Featherwweight

122 lbs (55.338 kg.)
7.


Featherweight

126 lbs (57.153 kg.)
8.


Junior Lightweight

130 lbs (58.967 kg.)
9.


Lightweight

135 lbs (61.235 kg.)
10.


Junior Welterweight

140 lbs (63.503 kg.)
11.


Welterweight

147 lbs (66.638 kg.)
12.


Junior Middleweight

154 lbs (69.853 kg.)
13.


Middleweight

160 lbs (71.575 kg.)
14.


Super Middleweight

168 lbs (76.363 kg.)
15.


Light Heavyweight

175 lbs (79.379 kg.)
16.


Cruiserweight

190 lbs (86.183 kg.)
17.


Heavyweight

190 lbs+ (86.183 kg.+)
18.


Super Heavyweight

209 lbs+ (95 kg.+)


B. Weigh-In

I. The boxer shall be weighed without clothes, no later than 3 hours prior to the match.

2. If the fighter is over weight at the time of the weigh-in, he may reweigh again.

3. Prior to the weigh-in, all fighters must be examined and certified fit by a licenced doctor.

Item 7: WAI KRU AND ROUND DEFINITION

7.1. Prior to the start of the first round, both fighters shall perform the Wai Kru (paying respect to the teacher), accompanied by the appropriate Thai tradifional music, incorporating the Ching (cymbal), Klong khaek (tom-tom) and Pee Java (Thai reed pipe).

7.2. A Muay Thai match shall consist of five rounds, 3 minutes per round with a 2 minute break between each round. Any stoppage during the match for any reason, will not be counted as part of the 3 minute round time.

Item 8: BOXERS

Boxer's Eligibility

8.1. No physical disability and at least 15 years old.

8.2. Minimum weight: l00 pounds (45.36 kg).

8.3. Not classified as a prohibited person, as described in the medical manual of the World Muay Thai Council.

Item 9: SECONDS

Two seconds are allowed to attend the boxer as per the following stipulations:

9.1. During the match, the seconds are not allowed to advise, help or instruct their boxer. Any violation of the rules by the seconds or the boxer may result in the boxer's disqualification.

9.2. The seconds are not allowed to signal to interested parties, the condition of his boxer.

9.3. During the match, the seconds must stay in the designated area. Prior to the start of each round they will remove all towels, water bottles, etc out of the ring area.

9.4. During the interval, the seconds will ensure that their boxer is properly attired. In case of any problem they shall inform the referee immediately.

9.5. The seconds shall ensure that the ring floor is kept dry to prevent any slipping.

9.6. The seconds must wear a proper shirt that bears his camp's/gym's logo or emblem.

9.7. The seconds are forbidden to direct bad or insulting language at the boxer or injure him either during or after the fight.

9.8. In a championship match, 3 seconds are allowed but only 2 are allowed in the ring at any one time during the round break.

9.9. Prior to a championship match, a meeting will be held between the referee, judges, boxers's managers and the seconds to confirm the rules and procedures of the match and to confirm the penalties for any improper conduct or violations by an involved person.

Item 10: MATCH COMMITTEE

A. Committee Member's Qualification.

1. No physical disability and at least 25 years old.

2. Hold a medical certificate endorsed by the World Muay Thai Council.

3. Hold proper certification as to their work experience, health, age and occupation.

4. Certified by the World Muay Thai Council as properly qualified.

B. Referee's Qualification

1. All referees must be trained and tested by the appropriate committee of the World Muay Thai Council and be certified and registered as a referee.

2. Not over 60 years of age unless an extension is approved by the committee.

3. Must resign immediately on the order of the committee or when unable to perform his duties.

C. Number of Judges and Referees

The match committee will comprise of 3 judges and one referee for the ring with the match chairman responsible for match supervision.

Item 11: THE REFEREE

A. Duty.

The prime duty of the referee is to ensure the safety of the boxers to the maximum degree.

B. The Referee 's Responsibilities.

The referee's uniform will consist of blue trousers and shirt, bearing the logo of the World Muay Thai Council and flat canvas shoes. No glasses or jewellery are allowed.

The referee shall ensure the following:

1. Fairness in the application of the rules and regulations to all parties.

2. No impoliteness in manner or speech either to the boxers or the audience.

3. Close supervision of the match.

4. Protection of a weaker fighter against serious injury.

5. Inspection of the boxing gloves and anklets.

6. Ensure both boxers shake hands prior to the first and final rounds.

7. For a championship or title defence fight, the referee must inform the boxers and their seconds of the rules and regulations governing the fight and this is to be done in the dressing room, prior to the fight itself.

8. Three verbal orders are recognized :

"STOP" when ordering the boxers to stop fighting.

"BREAK" when ordering the boxers to separate.

"FIGHT" when ordering the boxers to continue the match.

When the boxers are ordered to "BREAK", both must step back one step before continuing to fight.

9. The referee shall use the correct signal to ensure a boxer's understanding of any rule infringement.

10. At the match end, he will collect the score sheets from each of the three judges and indicate the winner to the audience, by raising that boxer's hand. The scoresheets will then be handed to the chairman for verification.

11. For a championship match, the referee will collect the scoresheets from the judges at the end of each round, inspect and submit them to the chairman in addition to raising the winner's hand after the result announcement.

12. Should it be necessary to stop the match or penalize a boxer, he will immediately advise the reason to the committee chairman after making the announcement.

13. In case of an accident to the referee which prevents him from continuing, the senior judge will act on his behalf.

14. The referee is forbidden to give a verbal count or warning that gives either an unfair advantage or disadvantage to any fighter.

15. He is forbidden to comment or speculate on any match unless receiving prior approval from the committee chairman.

16. All referees are subjected to a yearly medical inspection and certification by the doctor of the Council and must be physically fit at the start of any match.

C. Referee's Duties.

1. To stop the match immediately if he considers that one boxer is significantly more skilled or stronger than the other.

2. To stop the match immediately when a boxer is in difficulties or is injured.

3. To stop the match immediately if he considers that one or both fighters are faking or not trying their best.

4. To stop the match or warn the boxer for committing a foul or breaking the rules.

5. To immediately disqualify a boxer who defiantly breaks the rules, injures or shows any aggression to the referee.

6. To disqualify both the boxer and his seconds if his seconds deliberately break the rules or do not follow his directions.

7. To disqualify any boxer who intentionally or accidentally causes a foul.

8. To stop the match if he considers that a boxer having received a count, is unable to effectively continue the match.

9. To disallow any advantage to a boxer who intentionally fouls in any way.

D. Rule Infringement Warnings

Prior to giving a warning for rule infringement, the referee shall stop the fight, use the correct warning signal to ensure thc boxer's understanding and then indicate the offending boxer to the judges. Any boxer, who is so indicated or warned 3 times or more, may be disqualified. In the event of a serious rule infringement, the referee's decision is final.

E. The Purpose of A Warning

The purpose of warning is to advise or warn any boxer not to break the rules during the fight.

F. Count Procedure For A Boxer Falling Out of The Ring

1. If a boxer falls through the ring ropes, the referee shall order his opponent to stand in the other corner and if the boxer remains outside the ropes, the referee shall start to count. (A count to 10).

2. If a boxer falls out of the ring, the referee shall count to 20 (20 seconds).

2.1. When a fall-out takes place, the referee will start counting, however if the boxer returns to the ring before the count ends, he will not be penalized.

2.2. If anyone prevents the fallen boxer from returning to the ring, the referee shall warn such person or stop the fight if he continues his action.

2.3. If both boxers fall out of the ring, the referee shall start counting. If one boxer tries to prevent his opponent from returning to the ring before the count ends, he will be warned or disqualified.

2.4. If both boxers fall out of the ring, the referee shall start counting, the one that returns to the ring before the count ends, will be considered the winner. If neither boxer can, the result will be considered a draw.

Item 12: THE JUDGES

A. Responsibilities

1. The judges are independent and free to score as per the rules and normal practice.

2. Each judge shall sit on a different side and should be separate from the audience.

3. The judges shall remain neutral during the match, except when a rule violation is noticed, when he should notify the referee exclusively. This should be done during the round interval.

4. At the end of each round, the judges shall complete the score sheet for that round.

5. The judges are not allowed to leave their seat until the match ends and result has been announced.

B. Uniform

The judges shall wear the uniform as specified by the W.M.C.

Item 13: FINAL AUTHORITY DECISIONS

The chairman of the match committee may authorize a correction to the final result as follows:

13.1. If the referee makes a decision significantly contrary to the normal rules and practice.

13.2. If it is discovered that the judges have made a conspicuous score sheet error.

Item 14: CHAIRMAN'S DUTIES.

14.1. To appoint the referee and judges for each match and promotion.

14.2. To monitor and improve the standards of the referee and judges and ensuring conformity to the rules and standard practice.

14.3. To verify that the referee and judges perform their duty and responsibilities and to advise the World Muay Thai Council if any irregularity takes place.

14.4. To solve any prior problem regarding the promotion, reporting the result to the Council committee.

14.5. Make the decision to the referee and the judges.

14.6. To verify the score sheet to ensure that:

a. The score has been tallied correctly.

b. The name of the fighters are correct.

c. The correct winner has been named.

d. To authenticate the score sheet and inspect the score.

e. To announce the result of the match to the audience.

14.7. To make any decision in case that the referee or judges could not continue.

14.8. To report to the Council Committee, the name of any boxer who violates the rules or shows poor performance.

Item 15: TIME KEEPER AND ANNOUNCER

A. Seating for the timekeeper and announcer will be located next to the ring.

B. Duties And Responsibilities

The timekeeper must keep precisely, the timing of each round and the breaks, following the referee's instructions to start or stop. The following procedures are to be used:

1. A five seconds warning is to be given prior to the start of each round, to enable the seconds to clear the ring.

2. A bell is used to signal the start and end of each round.

3. To deduct the break time as per the referee s instructions.

4. Ensure all timings are correct by using both a watch and stop clock.

5. In the case of a boxer receiving the count during rounds 1-4 and the round time ends (3 minutes), the bell should be rung immediately after the referee finishes the count and orders the boxers to continue.

6. In the final round, the bell should be rung immediately when the round timing passes 3 minutes, even if the referee is still counting.

C. Announcer's Duties

1. To announce the fighter's names, corner and weight prior to the fight and again as the boxers arrive in the ring.

2. To order the seconds to leave the ring when the bell rings.

3. To announce the round number at the start and finish of each round.

4. To announce the winner's name and corner, when the referee raises the boxer's hand.

Item 16: THE DECISION

This should conform to the following rules and regulations:

16.1. A Knock-Out (K.O.) is awarded when the opponent is knocked down and unable to continue within the 10 second count.

16.2. A Technical Knock-Out (T.K.O.) is awarded:

16.2.1. When a boxer is seriously hurt or weakened.

16.2.2. When a boxer cannot continue the match after the break.

16.2.3. On the doctor's recommendation, when the referee is unsure whether a boxer can continue the match due to injury or being seriously weakened.

16.2.4. Both boxers are seriously injured and cannot continue the match; If less than three rounds: a draw is declared; If three rounds have been reached, individual score decides.

16.2.5. Receiving a count twice in the same round and unable to continue the match.

16.3. Winning due to the opponent's retirement because of injury.

16.4. Winning due to the opponent's violation of the rules.

16.5. Winning on points.

16.6. "No decision" as a result of both parties colluding together to cheat or not fighting properly.

16.7. "No contest" as a result of the ring being damaged and the match not being able to continue, or if an external event occurs during the fight, causing it to be stopped.

16.8. Equal Score.

16.8.1. When both boxers' scores are equal.

16.8.2. When both boxers receive a count of 10.

Item 17: SCORING PRACTICE.

The standard scoring practice is as follows :

A: A strike either by a punch, kick, knee or elbow.

1. Scoring from a strike:

1.1. Points will be awarded for a correct Thai Boxing style, combined with hard and accurate strikes.

1.2. Points will be awarded for aggressive and dominating Muay Thai skill.

1.3. Points will be awarded for a fighter actively dominating his opponent.

1.4. Points will be awarded for the use of a traditional Thai style of defence and counter-attack.

1.5. Points will be deducted from a boxer who fouls or breaks the rules.

2. Non scoring strikes:

2.1. A strike which is against the rules.

2.2. A strike in defence against the leg or irm of an opponent.

2.3. A weak strike.

B. Fouls.

1. The judges will deduct points for any foul as directed by the referee.

2. Any foul observed by the judges but not by the referee, will be penalized accordingly.

C. Method Of Scoring

1. The maximum score for each round is 10 points, the loser scoring either 9, 8 or 7.

2. A drawn round will be scored as 10 points for both boxers.

3. The winner and loser in an indecisive round, will score 10:9 respectively.

4. The winner and loser in a decisive round will score 10:8 respectively.

5. The winner and loser in an indecisive round with a single count, will score 10:8 respectively.

6. The winner and loser in a decisive round with a single count, will score 10:7 respectively.

7. The boxer scoring 2 counts against his opponent will score 10:7.

8. Any boxer who commits a foul will have points deducted from his score.

Item 18: FOULS AND STRIKES VIOLATING THE RULES

18.1. Biting, eye gouging, spitting, or head butting.

18.2. Wrestling, back or arm locks or any similar judo or wrestling hold.

18.3. Deliberately falling on his opponent.

18.4. Holding the ropes for any reason.

18.5. Swearing or the use of abusive language during the match.

18.6. Knocking out or injuring his opponent after the referee has ordered the match to stop for any reason.

18.7. Deliberately striking the groin area.

To be penalized by the deduction of 1 point for each time committed.

A boxer who has been hit in the groin, may request a 5 minute break before continuing the match.

Item 19: KNOCK DOWN.

19.1. Definition

19.1.1. Any part of the body touching the floor except the feet.

19.1.2. Leaning against the ropes in a state of unconsciousness.

19.1.3. Knocked out of the ring.

19.1.4. Inability to defend himself.

19.2. During a count, the referee will direct the opposing boxer to stand in the opposite corner. If he does not, the referee shall stop the count until he does so and then continue. The match will not continue until directed by the referee.

19.3. The count interval will be at I second intevals, from 1 to 10. During the count, the referee will signal, with his hand, to ensure that the boxer receiving the count understands.

19.4. A boxer on receiving a count, cannot continue the match prior to a count of 8 and loses immediately on receiving a count of 10.

19.5. If both boxers fall down, the referee will direct the count to the last one that fell. If both boxers receive a 10 count, a draw will be declared. Should the boxers lean against each other whilst sitting up, the referee will stop counting at that time.

19.6 If one of the boxers subsequently falls down again, the referee will continue the count.

19.7 A boxer not ready to fight again after a break when the bell rings, will receive a count, unless caused by a problem with his attire.

Item 20: DOCTOR'S QUALIFICATIONS

The doctor shall be appointed and certified by the appropriate Council committee.

DUTY AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DOCTOR.

1 Perform a physical check of the boxers prior to the weigh-in.

2 Be in attendance during the programme until the last fight.

3 Perform a physical check of the boxers after each match and specify the rest period.

Item 21: MEDICAL INSPECTION

21.1 All boxers will be certified by the doctor prior to the start of any fight and must not be suffering from any sickness or exhibit any prohibited symptom or disease, as specified in the medical manual of the Council.

21.2 Any boxer due to fight in a foreign country, will be physically examined by a doctor appointed by the Council Committee. He must also conform to the medical regulations of that country.

Item 22: PROCEDURE AFTER A KNOCK-OUT OR TECHNICAL KNOCK-OUT

22.1 If a boxer is knocked unconscious or injured, only the doctor and the referee are allowed in the ring. Any others may only enter at the doctor's discretion.

22.2 A boxer losing by a K.O. or T.K.O. will be immediately treated and undergo a physical examination by the doctor.

22.3 Recovery Period - After a match, a boxer is required to rest for a minimum of 21 days prior to fighting again, with the following exceptions:

22.3.1. A winner in the first round is required to rest a minimum of 7 days prior to his next fight.

22.3.2. The winner in the third round is required to rest a minimum of 14 days prior to his next fight.

22.3.3. A boxer losing by T.K.O. or K.O. must rest for a minimum of 30 days prior to his next fight.

22.3.4. A boxer specified under Items 23.3.1 - 23.3.3, must be examined by the doctor at the end of each fight, who will then specify his rest period.

Item 23: DRUG USAGE

23.1 The use of drugs or stimulants, either before or after the fight is strictly forbidden. Any user will be disqualified.

23.2 The sole drug allowed for the prevention of bleeding is Adrenalin 1:1000 and must be administered under a doctor's directions.

Item 24: INTERPRETATION

The Chairman or Referee will have the final decision on the interpretation or on any item not covered under these rules and regulations.

(The foregoing Rules & Regulations are the Copyright Property of the WORLD MUAYTHAI COUNCIL, and may not be reproduced in any form, by any means, without the prior written approval of the Executive Council or its nominated representative).
ONE WORLD - ONE MUAYTHAI :: World Muaythai Counci

The WMC officially launched the " MUAYTHAI against Drugs" at a well-attended press conference held at the Emerald Hotel , Bangkok, March 5th 2003.

In total 7 TV news stations and the main national papers covered the conference which was attended by many dignitaries from the sporting and political world.

The Chair was General Pichitr Kullavanaijaya, Privy Councilor to His Majesty, the King and also Head of the Advisors for this campaign.

In attendance at the Head table were General Chetta Thanjaro, President WMC, Dr. Sakchye Tapsuwan, President IFMA, representatives from the Sports Authority, the Tourist Authority, government departments.

The Committee and Advisory Board is made up of such people as General Chetta Thanjaro, President WMC, the Deputy Prime Minister, Mr. Pongpol Adireksarn, the Minister for Tourism and Sports, Mr. Sontaya Kheunpluem, the Police General of the Philippines, the Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, and other influential people who all work from love of MuayThai.

The campaign has to be established with the cooperation of the Thai government, the Tourism Authority of Thailand, Thai International the World MUAYTHAI Council the Amateur MUAYTHAI association of Thailand (AMAT) and the International Federation of MUAYTHAI Amateur (IFMA) in cooperation with several government departments.

All speakers clearly outlined the Aims and Goals of the campaign : 1. Remove the prejudice that Thailand is a drug country. Clearly spread the message that the Thai people do not support drugs in any way but rather sports and athletes from around the world. "DO SPORT- NOT DRUGS"

2. To promote MUAYTHAI as an international sport

3. To further boost Thailand as a tourist destination.

4. To develop an Education programme for children. This is the KING programme, developed by MC5 Global, using MuayThai Superheroes to encourage children to move away from drugs and give them positive alternatives.

5. To establish a 24-hour digital MuayThai network.

His Excellency, General Pichitr Kullavanaijaya, General Chetta Thanjaro, Dr. Sakchye Tapsuwan, representatives of the American digital network and The SmartTeam and the Vice-President of the WMC, Mr. Stephan Fox delivered some very powerful speeches.

MuayThai, Thailand’s national sport has spread from Thailand around the world and has taken audiences by storm. The people of Thailand should be proud of how many people, young , old male and female from all walks of life are practicing MuayThai for many reasons.

The WMC’s priority has always been to preserve and foster Thai culture, to introduce Thai values along with the art of MuayThai. Thai people may not appreciate how important this aspect of MuayThai is for people around the world. Training sessions across the globe start with the traditional "Wai " to a picture of His Majesty, the King and then to the Instructor.

The WMC and IFMA have been primarily responsible for MuayThai spreading in this way.
" MUAYTHAI Against Drugs" is not just an empty slogan. The evil of drugs has many faces, knows no borders and respects no social structures. There are drugs made for any budget and no family, regardless of social status, can be considered safe.

The world media has often wrongly portrayed Thailand as one of the world’s leading drug countries. When tourists travel to Thailand, they are continually warned of the dangers of the drug trade here. It is a shame that such an impression has been created.

MUAYTHAI is more than just a sport - it is an art made in Thailand. As MUAYTHAI increases in popularity, Thai culture, traditions and values spread with it.

His Majesty, the King of Thailand, who we all deeply respect, has tackled this problem in His birthday speech, making some valid points.

The WMC sees that to tackle this evil we need to create an awareness program which has to include educational and also physical awareness – this is planned on through cooperation with MC5Global’s KING programme.

The WMC has been running this campaign since 1999, with many shows and events already having been held in countries around the world.

At the WMC World meeting in July 2002 in Bangkok, the 50 most powerful MUAYTHAI Countries made a decision to step up the campaign and make it a global one. The slogan chosen was:

" United we stand – Divided we fall "

1. MUAYTHAI Against Drugs - promotions in Thailand. The opening World event will be in Thailand, to be held for HRH, the Crown Prince’s birthday around the July 28th 2003. This event will be unlike anything Thailand has ever seen before. Negotiations are made in order to telecast the event live around the globe.

As the anti-drugs message is an international one, an emotion shared by many – Thailand will not launch
this campaign alone and will be supported by all WMC member countries.

The July event will also see the launch of an educational comic-book by The SmartTeam. The storyline for these is that Thai Superheroes will fight the evil of drugs using MuayThai skills. The comic-books will travel with the events from country to country, with local heroes being included in each edition.

All of this as part of a loving and respectful celebration of HRH, the Prince’s birthday, thus showing for all to see how important the Royal family is to Thailand.

Special events will be held at Thailand’ s main tourist destinations as a lead-in to this celebration with the proceeds going to Children’s charities.

This is worldwide campaign is something which the world of MUAYTHAI has never seen before; it will certainly be Thailand’s sporting event for 2003.

2. " MuayThai Against Drugs - promotions outside of Thailand.

Following on from this spectacular opening, the event will move every month to a different country. Many governments have already confirmed participation in the World Series.

Australia, the Philippines, China, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, Kazakhstan, USA, Canada, Mexico, Russia, England, France, Holland, Czech Republic, Germany, South Africa, Malaysia.

These are just some of the leading countries. Shows will be telecast live on National TV in the respective countries.

To summarise the main aims of the WMC/MC5Global’s KING project are:

To remove the stain of drugs from Thailand image – both here and abroad

• To promote Thailand as a tourist destination.
• To promote the Thai national sport - MuayThai.
• To carry out a Drug-Education programme using MuayThai.
• To establish a 24 hour MUAYTHAI network.

Together let’s give the world a clear message:

110 countries-One Message
MuayThai Against Drugs
Unite to Fight.

H2H PUNISHMENT

In 15 days Friday (October 16th) world class Muay Thai comes back to Calgary. Promoted by CAKMA and Mike Miles Muay Thai, H2H PUNISHMENT promises to be a great night out at the fights.

The Main Event features Calgary's Middleweight Peter Arbeau (22 fights) battling against Japan's Takashi Goto (25 fights) for the vacant Intercontinental Middleweight Muay Thai Title. This bout will be battled over 5 rounds using full Muay Thai rules (punches, kicks, elbows and knees). Arbeau sees this fight as a warm up to the upcoming IFMA World MuayThai Championships taking place in Bangkok, Thailand at the end of November. Arbeau earned his right to represent Canada by winning a decision over Robbie Merrill. Visiting athlete Goto sees this as a huge stepping stone to moving his prestigious fight career forward both in Japan and internationally. A war is guaranteed between this two warriors!

The undercard features top Canadian talent including Sandra Bastian, Misty (Sutherland) Kolozetti, Sean McKinnon, Alana Dunbrack, John Hamm, Hakeem Dawodu, Ari Markle, and Tyler Twerdun. Six of the athletes on this event will be representing Canada at the 2009 IFMA World MuayThai Championships in Bangkok.